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The original message has been attached to this so you can view it or label similar future email. If you have any questions, see root\@localhost for details. Content preview: View this post on the web at https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.com/p/how-rockefellers-money-decided-what Click HERE to Request your FREE Died Suddenly Gold and Silver Investment Guide [ https://substack.com/redirect/9a53d36b-1278-4877-a925-45a2f3585458?j=eyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G [...] Content analysis details: (0.6 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 0.0 KAM_FROM_MARKETINGBL_PCCC RBL: From address associated with mass-marketing (https://raptor.pccc.com/RBL) [listed in substack.com.wild.pccc.com] 0.0 KAM_BODY_MARKETINGBL_PCCC Body contains URI associated with mass-marketing (https://raptor.pccc.com/RBL) [URI: substack.com] 0.0 URIBL_BLOCKED ADMINISTRATOR NOTICE: The query to URIBL was blocked. 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[159.112.244.31 listed in list.dnswl.org] 0.0 RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H2 RBL: Average reputation (+2) [159.112.244.31 listed in wl.mailspike.net] -0.0 SPF_PASS SPF: sender matches SPF record 0.1 DKIM_SIGNED Message has a DKIM or DK signature, not necessarily valid -0.1 DKIM_VALID_EF Message has a valid DKIM or DK signature from envelope-from domain -0.1 DKIM_VALID Message has at least one valid DKIM or DK signature 1.0 KAM_MARKETINGBL_PCCC Message contains URI associated with mass-marketing (https://raptor.pccc.com/RBL) 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message 0.0 HTML_IMAGE_RATIO_08 BODY: HTML has a low ratio of text to image area 0.5 KAM_REALLYHUGEIMGSRC RAW: Spam with image tags with ridiculously huge http urls 0.2 KAM_HUGEIMGSRC Message contains many image tags with huge http urls -1.0 MAILING_LIST_MULTI Multiple indicators imply a widely-seen list manager 0.0 T_KAM_HTML_FONT_INVALID Test for Invalidly Named or Formatted Colors in HTML X-Spam-Flag: NO --e2aa232a2ab70c19ffe81a8d3e7843a698272793c0a57b98102c82e89a79 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable View this post on the web at https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.com/p/how-ro= ckefellers-money-decided-what Click HERE to Request your FREE Died Suddenly Gold and Silver Investment Gu= ide [ https://substack.com/redirect/9a53d36b-1278-4877-a925-45a2f3585458?j= =3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA ] In critical histories of American medicine, the early twentieth century is = often described as the period when healthcare shifted from a decentralized = collection of traditions into a tightly organized institutional system.=20 Central to this account is John D. Rockefeller, whose wealth, derived prima= rily from Standard Oil, positioned him to exert enormous influence over uni= versities, medical schools, and scientific research during a formative mome= nt in U.S. history. Before this transformation, medical education in the United States was high= ly diverse. Schools differed widely in length, rigor, and philosophy. Many = institutions operated independently, without standardized accreditation or = centralized oversight.=20 This pluralistic environment began to change as large-scale philanthropy en= tered higher education. Rockefeller=E2=80=99s influence was exercised primarily through organized f= oundations, most notably the Rockefeller Foundation and its predecessor ent= ities.=20 These organizations provided substantial funding to universities, hospitals= , and research institutions. According to the historical critique, this fun= ding was not simply charitable support but was tied to specific expectation= s.=20 Institutions seeking grants were required to restructure programs, adopt ap= proved curricula, and align research priorities with the foundation=E2=80= =99s vision of scientific medicine. Medical schools that accepted this funding were encouraged=E2=80=94or requi= red=E2=80=94to emphasize laboratory-based science, chemistry, and pharmacol= ogy. Courses increasingly centered on measurable, testable interventions ra= ther than experiential or traditional healing methods.=20 In this account, the curriculum that emerged reflected industrial values: s= tandardization, reproducibility, and scalability. Treatments that could be = manufactured, patented, and distributed at scale became central to medical = legitimacy. Grant eligibility played a key role in enforcing this alignment. Universiti= es that followed the approved curriculum gained access to continued funding= , modern laboratories, and professional recognition.=20 Those that did not were often excluded from financial support and accredita= tion networks. Over time, this created a feedback loop in which conformity = to the dominant medical model became a prerequisite for institutional survi= val. Pharmacology rose to prominence within this system. As industrial chemistry= advanced, the ability to extract, refine, and synthesize compounds expande= d rapidly. Many of these processes were rooted in techniques developed with= in the oil and chemical industries.=20 Petrochemical byproducts could be transformed into pharmaceutical substance= s, creating a direct link between industrial chemistry and medical treatmen= t. According to critics, this connection reinforced a medical model depende= nt on chemical interventions rather than lifestyle, nutrition, or preventiv= e care. The consolidation of medical education was further accelerated by instituti= onal reform efforts, particularly the Flexner Report, which was funded by t= he Carnegie Foundation. The report evaluated medical schools across the Uni= ted States and Canada and recommended sweeping changes. Schools that failed= to meet new scientific and infrastructural standards were closed, merged, = or stripped of legitimacy. In this historical narrative, the Flexner reforms are portrayed not only as= quality improvements but as mechanisms that eliminated competing medical p= hilosophies. Schools that taught herbalism, naturopathy, or holistic medici= ne were disproportionately affected.=20 This consolidation extended beyond universities into media and public messa= ging. As pharmaceutical medicine gained dominance, public understanding of = health increasingly centered on diagnosis and prescription-based treatment.= Natural therapies were often portrayed as outdated or unscientific, while = pharmaceutical solutions were framed as modern and authoritative.=20 The critique suggests that media influence played a role in shaping these p= erceptions, reinforcing trust in institutional medicine and discouraging al= ternative approaches. Within this framework, dissent carried consequences. Doctors and researcher= s who challenged the prevailing model or promoted non-pharmaceutical treatm= ents often faced professional isolation. Some lost licenses or institutiona= l positions, while others were publicly discredited.=20 At the center of this historical critique is the concept of dependency. Pha= rmaceutical treatments, particularly for chronic conditions, require ongoin= g use. According to this view, reliance on medication creates a system in w= hich patients are tied to pharmaceutical manufacturers, healthcare provider= s, and regulatory institutions.=20 This account presents modern medicine as the product of coordinated institu= tional design rather than organic scientific evolution. It emphasizes how f= unding structures, grant conditions, and curricular control shaped not only= what treatments were developed, but which ideas were permitted to survive.= By determining what qualified as =E2=80=9Cscientific=E2=80=9D medicine, po= werful benefactors influenced generations of physicians and researchers. Unsubscribe https://substack.com/redirect/2/eyJlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9kaWVkc3VkZGV= ubHluZXdzLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbS9hY3Rpb24vZGlzYWJsZV9lbWFpbD90b2tlbj1leUoxYzJWeV= gybGtJam95TWprMk1USXdOVEVzSW5CdmMzUmZhV1FpT2pFNE16UTROakEwTXl3aWFXRjBJam94T= npZM05qRTBPVGN6TENKbGVIQWlPakUzT1RreE5UQTVOek1zSW1semN5STZJbkIxWWkweU9EazJO= VFE1SWl3aWMzVmlJam9pWkdsellXSnNaVjlsYldGcGJDSjkubG9ZUjVuR2ZDTy1HNTdVcnJBcEN= tMnlwcDJJel9iZEN0VG9VWXNNeUxJUSIsInAiOjE4MzQ4NjA0MywicyI6Mjg5NjU0OSwiZiI6dH= J1ZSwidSI6MjI5NjEyMDUxLCJpYXQiOjE3Njc2MTQ5NzMsImV4cCI6MjA4MzE5MDk3MywiaXNzI= joicHViLTAiLCJzdWIiOiJsaW5rLXJlZGlyZWN0In0.8A4vPCnd4rfmd922U9VYeoeJD5j8C0s9= rL80xS75IGY? --e2aa232a2ab70c19ffe81a8d3e7843a698272793c0a57b98102c82e89a79 Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <html style=3D"scrollbar-width: thin;scrollbar-color: rgb(219,219,219)rgb(2= 55,255,255);"><head><meta charset=3D"utf-8"><title>How Rockefeller’s = Money Decided What Doctors Were Allowed to Learn and How They Treated 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a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img, body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img { max-height: 180px; } } @media (max-width: 650px) { body .markup .twitter-embed a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description, body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description { display: none; } } @media screen and (max-width: 650px) { body .markup .apple-podcast-container { width: unset; } } @media (max-width: 420px) { body .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-i= mg { margin: 0 auto 16px auto; } } @media (max-width: 420px) { body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text= { margin: 0 0 12px 0; max-width: 100%; width: auto; text-align: center; } } @media (max-width: 420px) { body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link= { display: flex; justify-content: center; } } @media screen and (min-width: 500px) { body .header a.logo { width: 42px; height: 42px; border-radius: 12px; } } @media screen and 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.audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-substack-logo { display: block; } } @media (min-width: 350px) { .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-contai= ner { padding-top: 25%; width: 25%; display: block; } .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group { display: flex; } .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-typ= e { display: block; } } @media (min-width: 400px) { .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-contai= ner { padding-top: 40%; width: 40%; } } @media (max-width: 400px) { .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group { margin-top: 12px; } .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button { font-size: 13px; padding: 6px 12px; height: auto; margin-top: 10px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) { .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-contai= ner { padding-top: 55%; width: 55%; } } @media (max-width: 650px) { .poll-editor-modal { min-width: calc(100% - 20px); } } @media (max-width: 750px) { .poll-embed .poll-anchor-target .poll-anchor-copy-button { left: 8px; top: 45px; } }</style></head><body class=3D"email-body" style=3D"font-kerning: auto;--im= age-offset-margin: -120px;"><img src=3D"https://eotrx.substackcdn.com/open?= token=3DeyJtIjoiPDIwMjYwMTA1MTIwMzQwLjMuZjBhNTI3MmUwZGQ1OGY1NUBtZy1kMS5zdWJ= zdGFjay5jb20-IiwidSI6MjI5NjEyMDUxLCJyIjoiZ3ltQHBvbmpvc29uZWsuY29tIiwiZCI6Im= 1nLWQxLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbSIsInAiOjE4MzQ4NjA0MywidCI6Im5ld3NsZXR0ZXIiLCJhIjoiZ= XZlcnlvbmUiLCJzIjoyODk2NTQ5LCJjIjoicG9zdCIsImYiOnRydWUsInBvc2l0aW9uIjoidG9w= IiwiaWF0IjoxNzY3NjE0OTczLCJleHAiOjE3NzAyMDY5NzMsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0wIiwic3ViIjo= iZW8ifQ.CE-knHw0bWHrttbdDbzXxtK2Uz9dv7a7YsEPCTEyGEs" alt=3D"" width=3D"1" h= eight=3D"1" border=3D"0" style=3D"height:1px !important;width:1px !importan= t;border-width:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !import= ant;margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !impor= tant;padding-bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 = !important;"/><div class=3D"preview" style=3D"display:none;font-size:1px;co= lor:#333333;line-height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow= :hidden;">"...an industrial fortune helped determine not just how doctors w= ere trained—but what kinds of healing were allowed to exist."</div><d= iv class=3D"preview" style=3D"display:none;font-size:1px;color:#333333;line= -height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;">͏=   ­͏   ­͏   = 73;͏   ­͏   ­͏ &#= 8199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   = 3;͏   ­͏   ­͏ = 199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &= nbsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ;͏   ­͏   ­͏ Q= 99; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &n= bsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ͏   ­͏   ­͏ ̳= 9; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nb= sp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&= #847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nbs= p;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&#= 847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ­͏   ­͏   ­͏  = ;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= 47;   ­͏   ­͏   = ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   ­T= 7;   ­͏   ­͏   &= #173;͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   ­͏= ;   ­͏   ­͏   &#= 173;͏   ­͏   ­͏ &= #8199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏=   ­͏   ­͏   = 73;͏   ­͏   ­͏ &#= 8199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   = 3;͏   ­͏   ­͏ = 199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &= nbsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ;͏   ­͏   ­͏ Q= 99; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &n= bsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ͏   ­͏   ­͏ ̳= 9; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nb= sp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&= #847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nbs= p;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&#= 847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ­͏   ­͏   ­͏  = ;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= 47;   ­͏   ­͏   = ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   ­T= 7;   ­͏   ­͏   &= #173;͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   ­͏= ;   ­͏   ­͏   &#= 173;͏   ­͏   ­͏ &= #8199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏=   ­͏   ­͏   = 73;͏   ­͏   ­͏ &#= 8199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ =   ­͏   ­͏   = 3;͏   ­͏   ­͏ = 199; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &= nbsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ;͏   ­͏   ­͏ Q= 99; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &n= bsp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­= ͏   ­͏   ­͏ ̳= 9; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nb= sp;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&= #847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ; ­͏   ­͏   ­͏ &nbs= p;   ­͏   ­͏   ­&#= 847;   ­͏   ­͏  = ­͏   ­͏   ­͏  = ;   ­͏   ­</div><table class=3D"email-bod= y-container" role=3D"presentation" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing= =3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"><tbody><tr><td></td><td class=3D"content" width=3D= "550"></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td class=3D"content" width=3D"550" a= lign=3D"left"><div style=3D"font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;max-width: 55= 0px;width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><table role=3D"p= resentation" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0= "><tbody><tr><td align=3D"right" style=3D"height:20px;"><table role=3D"pres= entation" width=3D"auto" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"><= tbody><tr><td style=3D"vertical-align:middle;"><span class=3D"pencraft pc-r= eset reset-IxiVJZ tw-font-body tw-text-ssm tw-text-substack-secondary" styl= e=3D"font-family: SF Pro Text, -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont= , Inter, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji,= Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol;font-size: 13px;color: unset;list-style: n= one;text-decoration: unset;margin: 0;"><div class=3D"pencraft 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auto;text-alig= n: start;unicode-bidi: isolate;color: rgb(54,55,55);font-family: 'SF Pro Di= splay',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'S= egoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Em= oji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: bold;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiase= d;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibili= ty;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margi= n: 0;line-height: 36px;font-size: 32px;"><a href=3D"https://substack.com/ap= p-link/post?publication_id=3D2896549&post_id=3D183486043&utm_source=3Dpost-= email-title&utm_campaign=3Demail-post-title&isFreemail=3Dtrue&r=3D3spdsj&to= ken=3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoyMjk2MTIwNTEsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE4MzQ4NjA0MywiaWF0IjoxNzY3N= jE0OTczLCJleHAiOjE3NzAyMDY5NzMsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0yODk2NTQ5Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1y= ZWFjdGlvbiJ9.zh1z2DnlD9hphtx8HlquJhH_5H9hYzcUWF7FIdar84M" style=3D"color: r= gb(54,55,55);text-decoration: none;">How Rockefeller’s Money Decided = What Doctors Were Allowed to Learn and How They Treated Patients</a></h1><h= 3 class=3D"subtitle subtitle-HEEcLo" dir=3D"auto" style=3D"direction: auto;= text-align: start;unicode-bidi: isolate;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-appl= e-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Rob= oto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe = UI Symbol';font-weight: normal;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx= -font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-ap= pearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 4px 0 0= ;color: #777777;line-height: 24px;font-size: 18px;margin-top: 12px;">"...an= industrial fortune helped determine not just how doctors were trained̵= 2;but what kinds of healing were allowed to exist."</h3><table class=3D"pos= t-meta" role=3D"presentation" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0"= cellpadding=3D"0" style=3D"margin: 1em 0;height: 20px;align-items: center;= "><tbody><tr><td><table role=3D"presentation" width=3D"auto" border=3D"0" c= ellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"><tbody><tr><td><table role=3D"presentati= on" width=3D"auto" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"><tbody>= <tr><td style=3D"vertical-align:middle;"><div class=3D"pencraft pc-reset co= lor-primary-zABazT line-height-20-t4M0El font-meta-MWBumP size-11-NuY2Zx we= ight-medium-fw81nC transform-uppercase-yKDgcq reset-IxiVJZ meta-EgzBVA cust= om-css-email-post-author" style=3D"list-style: none;font-size: 11px;line-he= ight: 20px;text-decoration: unset;color: rgb(54,55,55);margin: 0;font-famil= y: 'SF Compact',-apple-system,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'S= egoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Em= oji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: 500;text-transform: uppercase;letter-sp= acing: .2px;"><a class=3D"pencraft pc-reset color-primary-zABazT line-heigh= t-20-t4M0El font-meta-MWBumP size-11-NuY2Zx weight-medium-fw81nC transform-= uppercase-yKDgcq reset-IxiVJZ meta-EgzBVA" style=3D"list-style: none;color:= rgb(54,55,55);margin: 0;font-size: 11px;line-height: 20px;font-family: 'SF= Compact',-apple-system,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe U= I',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','= Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: 500;text-transform: uppercase;letter-spacing:= .2px;text-decoration: none" href=3D"https://substack.com/@diedsuddenlynews= ">Died Suddenly News</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td><= table role=3D"presentation" width=3D"auto" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" c= ellpadding=3D"0"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"vertical-align:middle;"><div class= =3D"pencraft pc-reset color-secondary-ls1g8s line-height-20-t4M0El font-met= a-MWBumP size-11-NuY2Zx weight-medium-fw81nC transform-uppercase-yKDgcq res= et-IxiVJZ meta-EgzBVA" style=3D"list-style: none;font-size: 11px;line-heigh= t: 20px;text-decoration: unset;color: rgb(119,119,119);margin: 0;font-famil= y: 'SF Compact',-apple-system,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'S= egoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Em= oji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: 500;text-transform: uppercase;letter-sp= acing: .2px;"><time datetime=3D"2026-01-05T12:05:34.302Z">Jan 5</time></div= ></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td align=3D"righ= t"><table role=3D"presentation" width=3D"auto" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"= 0" cellpadding=3D"0"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"vertical-align:middle;"><a hre= f=3D"https://substack.com/@diedsuddenlynews"><img class=3D"custom-css-email= -avatar avatar-QIQ5yR" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xJK!= ,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.= s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22c4b7de-e172-4fef-8b7f-199d4f853358_1= 080x1080.jpeg" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;border-radius: 500000px;max-= width: 550px;border: none;vertical-align: middle;width: 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y></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr height=3D"16"><td height= =3D"16" style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0;"> </td></tr></tbody></ta= ble></div></div><div class=3D"post typography" dir=3D"auto" style=3D"--imag= e-offset-margin: -120px;padding: 32px 0 0 0;font-size: 16px;line-height: 26= px;"><div class=3D"body markup" dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align: initial;f= ont-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;width: 100%;word-break: break-word;margin-= bottom: 16px;"><div class=3D"captioned-image-container-static" style=3D"fon= t-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;margin-top: 0;"><figure st= yle=3D"width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;"><table class=3D"image-wrapper" width=3D= "100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" data-component-name= =3D"Image2ToDOMStatic" style=3D"mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"><tbody><tr><= td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td><td class=3D"content" align=3D"left" = width=3D"1270" style=3D"text-align: center;"><a class=3D"image-link" target= =3D"_blank" href=3D"https://substack.com/redirect/89fc6691-e795-46d2-a7e7-4= ac41079ce09?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHO= roNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-ite= ms: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration= : none;display: block;margin: 0;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0;"><img class= =3D"wide-image" data-attrs=3D"{"src":"https://substack-post-= media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e4ed1396-4557-4be7-bd8d-2990e32e37d8_1= 270x720.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":nu= ll,"imageSize":null,"height":720,"width":1270= ,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1392674,"alt":nul= l,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href&= quot;:null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"i= nternalRedirect":"https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.com/i/1834860= 43?img=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimag= es%2Fe4ed1396-4557-4be7-bd8d-2990e32e37d8_1270x720.png","isProces= sing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" alt=3D""= width=3D"550" height=3D"311.81102362204723" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com= /image/fetch/$s_!YovW!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:ste= ep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe= 4ed1396-4557-4be7-bd8d-2990e32e37d8_1270x720.png" style=3D"border: none !im= portant;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicub= ic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !im= portant;margin: 0 auto;"></a></td><td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td></= tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb= (54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><a href=3D"https://substack.= com/redirect/9a53d36b-1278-4877-a925-45a2f3585458?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.l= Ar0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"color: rgb(54= ,55,55);text-decoration: underline;">Click HERE to Request your FREE Died S= uddenly Gold and Silver Investment Guide</a></p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20p= x 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">In critical hi= stories of American medicine, the early twentieth century is often describe= d as the period when healthcare shifted from a decentralized collection of = traditions into a tightly organized institutional system. </p><p style=3D"m= argin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">= <span>Central to this account is </span><strong>John D. Rockefeller</strong= ><span>, whose wealth, derived primarily from Standard Oil, positioned him = to exert enormous influence over universities, medical schools, and scienti= fic research during a formative moment in U.S. history.</span></p><p style= =3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16= px;">Before this transformation, medical education in the United States was= highly diverse. Schools differed widely in length, rigor, and philosophy. = Many institutions operated independently, without standardized accreditatio= n or centralized oversight. </p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(5= 4,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">This pluralistic environment b= egan to change as large-scale philanthropy entered higher education.</p><di= v class=3D"captioned-image-container-static" style=3D"font-size: 16px;line-= height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;"><figure style=3D"width: 100%;margin: 0 aut= o;"><table class=3D"image-wrapper" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing= =3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" data-component-name=3D"Image2ToDOMStatic" style=3D= "mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"text-align: center;= "></td><td class=3D"content" align=3D"left" width=3D"1448" style=3D"text-al= ign: center;"><a class=3D"image-link" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://sub= stack.com/redirect/9a53d36b-1278-4877-a925-45a2f3585458?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHN= qIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"positio= n: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: au= to;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0= ;"><img class=3D"wide-image" data-attrs=3D"{"src":"https://s= ubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/64471784-7a34-4003-91cc-3= f6b91ca16bd_1448x1050.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fulls= creen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1050,"w= idth":1448,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":960850,"= ;alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png&quo= t;,"href":"http://stolenliberties.com/","belowTheF= old":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":&qu= ot;https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.com/i/183486043?img=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsu= bstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64471784-7a34-4003-9= 1cc-3f6b91ca16bd_1448x1050.png","isProcessing":false,"a= lign":null,"offset":false}" alt=3D"" width=3D"550" height=3D= "398.8259668508287" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YydL!,w_= 1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack= -post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64471784-7a34-4003-91cc-3f= 6b91ca16bd_1448x1050.png" style=3D"border: none !important;vertical-align: = middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-b= ottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"= ></a></td><td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></fig= ure></div><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: = 26px;font-size: 16px;"></p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,= 55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Rockefeller’s influence= was exercised primarily through organized foundations, most notably the </= span><strong>Rockefeller Foundation</strong><span> and its predecessor enti= ties. </span></p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-h= eight: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>These organizations provided substantia= l funding to universities, hospitals, and research institutions. According = to the historical critique, this funding was not simply charitable support = but was tied to </span><strong>specific expectations. </strong></p><p style= =3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16= px;">Institutions seeking grants were required to restructure programs, ado= pt approved curricula, and align research priorities with the foundation= 217;s vision of scientific medicine.</p><div class=3D"video-player-with-bac= kground is-static video-player-wrapper" role=3D"region" aria-label=3D"Video= player" style=3D"flex-grow: 1;font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin-top= : 0.5em;"><a class=3D"video-player video-player-with-background" href=3D"ht= tps://substack.com/redirect/3c11ed93-fc42-43a4-b6f1-c56b07527ce8?j=3DeyJ1Ij= oiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" style=3D"positio= n: relative;display: block;width: 100%;cursor: pointer;background-color: rg= b(0,0,0);height: auto;border-radius: 8px;padding-bottom: 0"><img class=3D"v= ideo-player-preview" width=3D"550" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com/image/fet= ch/$s_!cOFI!,w_1100,h_1100,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/l_= play_button_usfui2,w_144,e_colorize:0/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-video.s3.amazo= naws.com%2Fvideo_upload%2Fpost%2F183486043%2F4be841fa-5ecf-4a47-b8c9-4f8607= c89cd6%2Ftranscoded-00001.png" data-component-name=3D"VideoPlayer-PreviewIm= g" data-testid=3D"video-player-static-preview-image" style=3D"border: none = !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bi= cubic;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;max-height: 1= 00%;background: black;cursor: pointer;position: relative;border-radius: 8px= ;"></a></div><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-heigh= t: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Medical schools that accepted this funding = were encouraged—or </span><strong>required</strong><span>—to em= phasize laboratory-based science, chemistry, and pharmacology. Courses incr= easingly centered on measurable, testable interventions rather than experie= ntial or traditional healing methods. </span></p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20= px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">In this accou= nt, the curriculum that emerged reflected industrial values: standardizatio= n, reproducibility, and scalability. Treatments that could be manufactured,= patented, and distributed at scale became central to medical legitimacy.</= p><div class=3D"captioned-image-container-static" style=3D"font-size: 16px;= line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;"><figure style=3D"width: 100%;margin: = 0 auto;"><table class=3D"image-wrapper" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspa= cing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" data-component-name=3D"Image2ToDOMStatic" styl= e=3D"mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"text-align: cen= ter;"></td><td class=3D"content" align=3D"left" width=3D"730" style=3D"text= -align: center;"><a class=3D"image-link" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://= substack.com/redirect/3305b9a4-807e-499e-b197-35867a8303b3?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3Nw= ZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"posi= tion: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width:= auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin= : 0;"><img class=3D"wide-image" data-attrs=3D"{"src":"https:= //substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8bfcd498-4641-4fbd-a66= d-a373d18de5af_730x690.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"ful= lscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":690,"= width":730,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":61618,"= alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg&quo= t;,"href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage"= :false,"internalRedirect":"https://diedsuddenlynews.substack= =2Ecom/i/183486043?img=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fs= ubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2= Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8bfcd498-4641-4fbd-a66d-a373d18de5af_730x690.jpeg",= "isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":fa= lse}" alt=3D"" width=3D"550" height=3D"519.8630136986301" src=3D"https://su= bstackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gwr-!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_pr= ogressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic= %2Fimages%2F8bfcd498-4641-4fbd-a66d-a373d18de5af_730x690.jpeg" style=3D"bor= der: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolatio= n-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-wi= dth: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"></a></td><td style=3D"text-align: cen= ter;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><div class=3D"captioned-imag= e-container-static" style=3D"font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px= auto;"><figure style=3D"width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;"><table class=3D"image= -wrapper" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" d= ata-component-name=3D"Image2ToDOMStatic" style=3D"mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.= 6em;"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td><td class=3D"conten= t" align=3D"left" width=3D"1024" style=3D"text-align: center;"><a class=3D"= image-link" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://substack.com/redirect/e01041d= 4-bede-4194-b257-75c63a3a300f?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xE= BLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"position: relative;flex-direction= : column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: no= ne;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"><img class=3D"wide-imag= e" data-attrs=3D"{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amaz= onaws.com/public/images/7e762b01-4fbf-4426-9b7c-a7083e16b3e7_1024x792.jpeg&= quot;,"srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"ima= geSize":null,"height":792,"width":1024,"resiz= eWidth":null,"bytes":344760,"alt":null,"title= ":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,&= quot;belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedir= ect":"https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.com/i/183486043?img=3Dhtt= ps%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7e762b0= 1-4fbf-4426-9b7c-a7083e16b3e7_1024x792.jpeg","isProcessing":= false,"align":null,"offset":false}" alt=3D"" width=3D"5= 50" height=3D"425.390625" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ty= Zk!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsu= bstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7e762b01-4fbf-4426-9= b7c-a7083e16b3e7_1024x792.jpeg" style=3D"border: none !important;vertical-a= lign: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;ma= rgin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 = auto;"></a></td><td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table= ></figure></div><div class=3D"captioned-image-container-static" style=3D"fo= nt-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;"><figure style=3D"width:= 100%;margin: 0 auto;"><table class=3D"image-wrapper" width=3D"100%" border= =3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" data-component-name=3D"Image2ToD= OMStatic" style=3D"mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"t= ext-align: center;"></td><td class=3D"content" align=3D"left" width=3D"1456= " style=3D"text-align: center;"><a class=3D"image-link" target=3D"_blank" h= ref=3D"https://substack.com/redirect/4002a8ee-2380-4dd9-9961-609a2a3f6cf9?j= =3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"= " style=3D"position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;pa= dding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;displa= y: block;margin: 0;"><img class=3D"wide-image" data-attrs=3D"{"src&quo= t;:"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5d8e3f5= 0-414f-41c4-8563-eaff9f0d6601_3000x2302.jpeg","srcNoWatermark&quo= t;:null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height= ":1117,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes= ":737830,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":= "image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,= "topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://dieds= uddenlynews.substack.com/i/183486043?img=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-medi= a.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d8e3f50-414f-41c4-8563-eaff9f0d6601= _3000x2302.jpeg","isProcessing":false,"align":null= ,"offset":false}" alt=3D"" width=3D"550" height=3D"421.9436813186= 8134" src=3D"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mbGx!,w_1100,c_limit,f= _auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3= =2Eamazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d= 8e3f50-414f-41c4-8563-eaff9f0d6601_300= 0x2302.jpeg" style=3D"border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;displa= y: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;widt= h: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"></a></td><td= style=3D"text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p = style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-siz= e: 16px;">Grant eligibility played a key role in enforcing this alignment. = Universities that followed the approved curriculum gained access to continu= ed funding, modern laboratories, and professional recognition. </p><p style= =3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16= px;">Those that did not were often excluded from financial support and accr= editation networks. Over time, this created a feedback loop in which confor= mity to the dominant medical model became a prerequisite for institutional = survival.</p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-heigh= t: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Pharmacology rose to prominence within this syste= m. As industrial chemistry advanced, the ability to extract, refine, and sy= nthesize compounds expanded rapidly. Many of these processes were rooted in= techniques developed within the oil and chemical industries. </p><p style= =3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16= px;"><strong>Petrochemical byproducts could be transformed into pharmaceuti= cal substances, creating a direct link between industrial chemistry and med= ical treatment.</strong><span> According to critics, this connection reinfo= rced a medical model dependent on chemical interventions rather than lifest= yle, nutrition, or preventive care.</span></p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px = 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>The consol= idation of medical education was further accelerated by institutional refor= m efforts, particularly the Flexner Report, which was funded by the </span>= <strong>Carnegie Foundation</strong><span>. The report evaluated medical sc= hools across the United States and Canada and recommended sweeping changes.= Schools that failed to meet new scientific and infrastructural standards w= ere closed, merged, or stripped of legitimacy.</span></p><p style=3D"margin= : 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">In th= is historical narrative, the Flexner reforms are portrayed not only as qual= ity improvements but as mechanisms that eliminated competing medical philos= ophies. Schools that taught herbalism, naturopathy, or holistic medicine we= re disproportionately affected. </p><div class=3D"captioned-image-container= -static" style=3D"font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;"><fi= gure style=3D"width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;"><table class=3D"image-wrapper" w= idth=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" data-compone= nt-name=3D"Image2ToDOMStatic" style=3D"mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"><tbod= y><tr><td style=3D"text-align: center;"></td><td class=3D"content" align=3D= "left" width=3D"1446" style=3D"text-align: center;"><a class=3D"image-link"= target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://substack.com/redirect/9a53d36b-1278-4877= -a925-45a2f3585458?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHMG5G14= DTVRlHOroNA" rel=3D"" style=3D"position: relative;flex-direction: column;al= ign-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-dec= oration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"><img class=3D"wide-image" data-att= rs=3D"{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/p= ublic/images/c4e53372-8645-423b-b6c0-7b72ca1096be_1446x1036.png","= ;srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize"= ;:null,"height":1036,"width":1446,"resizeWidth&quo= t;:null,"bytes":1534025,"alt":null,"title":nu= ll,"type":"image/png","href":"http://sto= lenliberties.com/","belowTheFold":true,"topImage":= false,"internalRedirect":"https://diedsuddenlynews.substack.= com/i/183486043?img=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2F= public%2Fimages%2Fc4e53372-8645-423b-b6c0-7b72ca1096be_1446x1036.png",= "isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":fa= lse}" alt=3D"" width=3D"550" height=3D"394.05255878284925" src=3D"https://s= ubstackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dyjh!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_p= rogressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpubli= c%2Fimages%2Fc4e53372-8645-423b-b6c0-7b72ca1096be_1446x1036.png" style=3D"b= order: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolat= ion-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-= width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"></a></td><td style=3D"text-align: c= enter;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20= px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">This consolid= ation extended beyond universities into media and public messaging. As phar= maceutical medicine gained dominance, public understanding of health increa= singly centered on diagnosis and prescription-based treatment. Natural ther= apies were often portrayed as outdated or unscientific, while pharmaceutica= l solutions were framed as modern and authoritative. </p><p style=3D"margin= : 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">The c= ritique suggests that media influence played a role in shaping these percep= tions, reinforcing trust in institutional medicine and discouraging alterna= tive approaches.</p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);lin= e-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Within this framework, dissent carried con= sequences. Doctors and researchers who challenged the prevailing model or p= romoted non-pharmaceutical treatments often faced professional isolation. S= ome lost licenses or institutional positions, while others were publicly di= scredited. </p><p style=3D"margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-hei= ght: 26px;font-size: 16px;">At the center of this historical critique is th= e concept of dependency. Pharmaceutical treatments, particularly for chroni= c conditions, require ongoing use. According to this view, reliance on medi= cation creates a system in which patients are tied to pharmaceutical manufa= cturers, healthcare providers, and regulatory institutions. </p><p style=3D= "margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;= margin-bottom: 0;">This account presents modern medicine as the product of = coordinated institutional design rather than organic scientific evolution. = It emphasizes how funding structures, grant conditions, and curricular cont= rol shaped not only what treatments were developed, but which ideas were pe= rmitted to survive. By determining what qualified as “scientific̶= 1; medicine, powerful benefactors influenced generations of physicians and = researchers.</p></div></div><div class=3D"container-border" style=3D"margin= : 32px 0 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-top: 1px solid #e6e6e6= ;font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;"></div><div class=3D"post-cta typograph= y markup" style=3D"--image-offset-margin: -120px;text-align: initial;word-b= reak: break-word;margin-bottom: 32px;margin: 32px 0;font-size: 16px;line-he= ight: 26px;"><p style=3D"color: rgb(54,55,55);margin: 0 auto 20px;text-alig= n: center;width: 90%;line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;margin-top: 0;"><spa= n class=3D"pencraft pc-reset reset-IxiVJZ" translated=3D"" style=3D"list-st= yle: none;color: unset;text-decoration: unset;margin: 0;">You're currently = a free subscriber to <a href=3D"https://substack.com/redirect/92bbb0e9-bf6b= -4705-96ec-e9b98e504e37?j=3DeyJ1IjoiM3NwZHNqIn0.lAr0RI0cIE-x5LzbQ_7xEBLaxHM= G5G14DTVRlHOroNA" style=3D"color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;= ">Died Suddenly's Substack</a>. 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