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Hi, this is Ray.

Let=E2=80=99s talk about something painful.

No, not my attempts at doing pull-ups after two years of skipping the gym. =
I mean that particular kind of pain you feel when learning something new, t=
he mental version of doing push-ups while someone whispers, =E2=80=9CYou co=
uld just give up.=E2=80=9D

That ache, that friction, that voice saying =E2=80=9Cthis is too hard=E2=80=
=9D=E2=80=A6 that=E2=80=99s **effort**. And it turns out, that pain isn=E2=
=80=99t a bug in the learning process. It=E2=80=99s the process.

Most of us grew up thinking that if learning feels easy, we=E2=80=99re doin=
g it right. We love when things click quickly, when our brains feel smooth =
and frictionless. But the science says otherwise. When your brain feels lik=
e mush, when it=E2=80=99s struggling to hold on, that=E2=80=99s when **real=
 learning** is happening.

### **Why Struggle Feels So Awful**

Here=E2=80=99s the problem: your brain is lazy. And I say that with love.

Evolution designed it to save energy, not spend it. Every neuron that fires=
 burns glucose, so your brain is constantly optimizing to do less. The mome=
nt you hit a hard problem, like math equations, foreign language grammar, o=
r trying to assemble IKEA furniture without crying, your brain screams =E2=
=80=9Cdanger!=E2=80=9D and tries to retreat to something easier, like check=
ing Instagram.

Neuroscientists have shown that when you wrestle with a difficult concept, =
your **anterior cingulate cortex** (the brain=E2=80=99s conflict monitor) l=
ights up like a Christmas tree. It=E2=80=99s literally detecting =E2=80=9Cs=
omething=E2=80=99s wrong here=E2=80=9D and pushing you to fix it. The disco=
mfort is a feature, not a flaw. It means your brain is upgrading.

As Dr. Robert Bjork, the UCLA psychologist who coined the term **=E2=80=9Cd=
esirable difficulties,=E2=80=9D** explains, =E2=80=9CConditions of learning=
 that make performance improve rapidly often fail to support long-term rete=
ntion, whereas conditions that create difficulties and slow performance oft=
en produce more durable learning.=E2=80=9D You can read more about his rese=
arch on [desirable difficulties here](https://bjorklab.psych.ucla.edu/resea=
rch/).

### **The Paradox of Productive Struggle**

When you feel stupid while learning, it=E2=80=99s usually because your brai=
n is building new connections between neurons. That=E2=80=99s called **syna=
ptic plasticity**. Think of it like your brain doing squats. The first few =
reps hurt. But that=E2=80=99s exactly how strength grows.

In one [Harvard study on cognitive effort](https://news.harvard.edu/gazette=
/story/2021/03/why-hard-work-makes-our-brains-grow/), researchers found tha=
t the more participants struggled on complex problems, the more activity th=
ey showed in regions tied to memory and reasoning. Translation: struggling =
literally rewires your brain to handle more.

The mistake most learners make is mistaking **performance** for **progress*=
*. Performance is how well you=E2=80=99re doing right now. Progress is how =
well you=E2=80=99ll remember it tomorrow. When things feel easy, performanc=
e is high but progress is low. When things feel hard, performance dips, but=
 progress soars.

It=E2=80=99s like running on a treadmill with the incline turned up. It fee=
ls worse, but you=E2=80=99re actually going farther.

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a6_8aff48a8-a4f0-4b47-8472-04ab3556d766_7571cae9-9dab-4cd5-a103-e1c41397edf=
d)

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=
=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=
=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### **Your Brain=E2=80=99s Two Modes of Learning**

Neuroscientist Barbara Oakley, in her excellent book _A Mind for Numbers_, =
describes two main learning modes: **focused** and **diffuse**.

* The **focused mode** is what you use when you=E2=80=99re consciously conc=
entrating, like solving an equation or reading a paragraph for the third ti=
me because you zoned out the first two.

* The **diffuse mode** kicks in when you relax or take breaks, like when id=
eas pop into your head in the shower or while you=E2=80=99re walking the do=
g.

Switching between these modes is essential. When you struggle in focused mo=
de, you=E2=80=99re pushing your neural circuits to their limit. Then, when =
you rest, your brain=E2=80=99s diffuse mode steps in to connect the dots su=
bconsciously. That=E2=80=99s why you often understand something only _after=
_ you step away.

It=E2=80=99s not failure. It=E2=80=99s the **cooldown** part of your mental=
 workout.

### **The =E2=80=9CDesirable Difficulty=E2=80=9D Playbook**

So how do you actually use this science without losing your mind halfway th=
rough your next study session? Here are a few research-backed ways to make =
the pain productive:

#### **1. Embrace the Struggle**

When you hit a wall, don=E2=80=99t quit. A [Stanford study on mindset](http=
s://news.stanford.edu/2017/09/19/struggle-key-learning/) found that student=
s who viewed struggle as a natural part of learning performed better and pe=
rsisted longer than those who saw it as failure. Every time you feel confus=
ed, your brain is literally stretching.

#### **2. Mix Up Your Practice**

Instead of drilling the same skill over and over, alternate between differe=
nt types of problems or subjects. This is called **interleaving**, and it b=
oosts retention because it forces your brain to constantly retrieve and ref=
rame knowledge. It=E2=80=99s like sparring instead of shadowboxing, messy b=
ut more effective.

#### **3. Test Yourself Early and Often**

Quizzing yourself before you feel ready strengthens recall far more than pa=
ssive review. Researchers at [Purdue University](https://www.sciencedirect.=
com/science/article/pii/S0361476X16300421) found that retrieval practice (t=
esting) can improve long-term retention by up to 50%. You don=E2=80=99t nee=
d fancy flashcards. A simple =E2=80=9CWhat did I just learn?=E2=80=9D out l=
oud works wonders.

#### **4. Stop Chasing Flow Too Soon**

=E2=80=9CFlow=E2=80=9D feels amazing, that state where everything clicks an=
d time disappears, but it only comes _after_ you=E2=80=99ve wrestled with t=
he hard stuff. You can=E2=80=99t skip the messy part and expect to hit flow=
 instantly. The struggle is the warm-up. Flow is the reward.

#### **5. Rest Like You Mean It**

When you=E2=80=99re mentally drained, stop. Studies on [mental fatigue and =
performance](https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00613/=
full) show that recovery is when your brain consolidates effort into growth=
. Sleep, walk, stretch, or just stare into space for a bit. It=E2=80=99s no=
t wasted time, it=E2=80=99s part of learning.

### **Pain Is the Signal of Growth**

I used to think I was bad at math because it felt hard. Then I realized it =
was hard because I was learning. The effort I once took as proof of weaknes=
s was actually proof of work.

If it feels uncomfortable, you=E2=80=99re probably doing it right. The same=
 goes for language, piano, leadership, or public speaking. The burn is your=
 neurons building a new future version of you.

Learning is a bit like lifting weights in the dark. You don=E2=80=99t see t=
he progress immediately. But every time you push through the discomfort, yo=
ur brain gets stronger, rep by rep.

So next time your head hurts while studying, take a deep breath and remind =
yourself: =E2=80=9CGood. That means I=E2=80=99m growing.=E2=80=9D

**Stay curious,**

**Ray**


=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

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body class=3D"a" style=3D"margin:0px auto;padding:0px;word-wrap:normal;word=
-spacing:normal;background-color:#0C4D94;"><div role=3D"article" aria-roled=
escription=3D"email" aria-label=3D"email_name" lang=3D"en" style=3D"font-si=
ze:1rem"><div style=3D"display:none;max-height:0px;overflow:hidden;"> The n=
euroscience behind =E2=80=9Cdesirable difficulty=E2=80=9D and how struggle =
actually signals deep learning, not failure. &#160;&#8204;&#160;&#8204;&#16=
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&#8204;&#160;&#8204; </div><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0"=
 cellspacing=3D"0" align=3D"center" cellpadding=3D"0" class=3D"gg"><tr><td =
align=3D"center" valign=3D"top"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"670" border=
=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" class=3D"aa" style=3D"width:670p=
x;table-layout:fixed;"><tr><td class=3D"bodyWrapper" align=3D"center" valig=
n=3D"top" style=3D"padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;"><table role=3D"none" width=
=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"=
><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"border-width:0px 0px 0px =
0px;border-style: solid; border-color: #030712FF;border-radius:24px 24px 0p=
x 0px;background-color:#FFFFFF;" class=3D"c"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"=
100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr=
 id=3D"header"><td style=3D"padding:15px 15px 0px 15px;"><div style=3D"padd=
ing-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:0px;"><table=
 role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D=
"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td class=3D"f" align=3D"right" valign=3D"top"><p>=
 October 20, 2025 &nbsp; | &nbsp; <a href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/=
ss/c/u001.BrPy2RR0TiWXGw7WnAV0HaOdIaVVtntXayrgvaL6RFtruIogOIhKDSpc6mXesGCGs=
A_F7y7q1dnC2gubwTE70Dcht97szFFMoNzvbFTiVus7N6XZoJpTRgTqYZM6oLNEX-u87bbo23SX=
CyWuyA15qQyMFAPaZXznHIDV7P6XJ2FD_7v24TurTLQ6kFEAmH7-o-SWO-xYWPAq7vw7r3pA36a=
60jsTLYYIZzqFo3bYIR6MB0WZ0vnggBDymChXDooEtrkO1xj0BEbJBUHgVG5U9TD8DXzCF9kSug=
0fA_Ku3ttyTLETWdTV06jwF6VrpEOGNJQikZ-BCJfHFaWyJjZcuBtqLWypDkf0CRScQcx48Xey4=
pgRMgbLxoJ0WlqRYCHqcD1CNaj5OAE24uxpZvTOTsar5c8eQ_urrMAUOyEkCmVHns2GYWkGK55c=
6AXwPu8prnlr6hVlxMoee-nlbkpbi1aSxfjT-DIf-VDsIrPwW3l_SAc19bUiX1uvUIG4I5IlW7L=
1T4BZ-oWfTzeMzax9_n2jael9SOLlI_51BQowX2KD7PukQubwIUBGmq0ao55yrUUUmRca7r2g5c=
B5aYjDJN1kl_6HqKqFEHPATcAyxIppu9cXGcW5OIYnw7X7SkP7MHImLop8yhFdmd4dWnUd24-KJ=
toZg4l7NyqT9iqzIwFzJ5U9Y4mHYHYV0U0pNI5tz7TOamPejuwgM63ZKMxCVr4JfiwKhwbrKV35=
05xhc5kEwpi4LIrWfV3uUywWGQjSaf5MIplDVR6OQTqb-TiT0NmUF6xSMMrJ7oyny9LrpWxw7-w=
9eLPbgone4qaxgFjjPnV-aHXcVzJyRpDXKbcfBfQ-8xqxB65K5NK372jmuYxZ6ojX0oC-AtgXgz=
W56KN4/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h0/h001.cVoKWaqIoxN6FEYkEaXqkookgmrZ4rqVZ=
psIj3zzav4"><span class=3D"translation_missing" title=3D"translation missin=
g: en.templates.posts.email.header.read_online">Read Online</span></a></p><=
/td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padd=
ing:15px 0;"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=
=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=
=3D"top"><h1 style=3D"text-align:left;font-family:'Trebuchet MS','Lucida Gr=
ande',Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:32px;color:#2A2A2A;paddin=
g:2px 0;line-height:38px;"> Why Effort Feels Bad (and That=E2=80=99s Good) =
</h1><p style=3D"text-align:left;font-family:'Helvetica',Arial,sans-serif;f=
ont-weight:normal;font-size:20px;color:#3E3E3E;padding:5px 0;line-height:24=
px;"> The neuroscience behind =E2=80=9Cdesirable difficulty=E2=80=9D and ho=
w struggle actually signals deep learning, not failure. </p></td></tr></tab=
le></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"line-height:0;"><div data-open-tracking=3D"tr=
ue"> <img src=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/o/u001.Udn28rEZCa-F7Xp5Xu=
mdpg/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/ho.gif" alt=3D"" width=3D"1" height=3D"1" b=
order=3D"0" style=3D"height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-widt=
h:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-ri=
ght:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-=
bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;"/=
> </div></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr id=3D"content-blocks"><td cla=
ss=3D"email-card-body" align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding-bot=
tom:15px;"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"=
0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"to=
p" style=3D"padding: 20px 15px 20px;" class=3D"dd"><table role=3D"none" bor=
der=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" style=3D"margin: 0 auto 0 aut=
o"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"width:300px;"><p style=
=3D"opacity: 0.8;"><b>In partnership with</b></p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D=
"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"width:300px;"><a href=3D"https://link.mail=
.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.1r1iXxQc1jxVroURkiV4-VzeBmKA42Gs1j92zVB1czDgjHEX-i_M=
zHujuoekN9_YPghdOtZ4KKZjmR0AafOhwjxn5nwiOy2cQqDQ_V3-PCtc4hFJ00jY5RxU64s-cbP=
1B2mOIJucuKZG6-c8fAjnP50VcR8lhp-cvVe6EX9M8C0jMYjx1TFKw-vfww8VFawCXCjNWgVBWy=
tZZTc5Z5oq_8LhT6iaZARQx4nK3MH8tUO9P4HEEF2yDX8v3dt9GvSgAWi8g_wc74kgGjgStjCQX=
gKVbn9AvQXuWu3J9i_G9eBoTlEudp7HqHruiCDXJau6Vg8CWQU3AJsvzXtYHTbYODGovpi7_aao=
zPL5ToGu49g1fUjfXHtRl5vTx7mOw6g6c2--6sjoe82y_yWoZfJxeFZTM6TB3voyFVZWjyfPoJb=
v0fBfOTJ5rRmXd-x6lFXTM7MhMlPIDdQwwm-L0BE-7bON7MGPlT_YEyHg9Mwz-EFqwFywjMNWFq=
JOjd-CzqO_9K5YdLdxqBFAVYd6vDKHWnrtS6ZB3H0LSjsQyM7h5GeeULE5vISt8-2rXgA_xRFSn=
J69fJdIAiG18hHlDTj7cf2FeDAAwmcNl_3lgNujkhwa5b8n3t-DGSAIaTkDcevt/4kw/3p9Fx6j=
SS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h1/h001._cH3zKySnIIi0jEZslpPFbnOJ3GKVGFQhlWq4VRPqlo" target=
=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" style=3D"text-decoration:n=
one;"><img src=3D"https://beehiiv-images-production.s3.amazonaws.com/upload=
s/ad_network/advertiser/logo/326a9193-12cd-4dcf-8b6c-7d26fbda699e/SHAI.png"=
 height=3D"auto" width=3D"300" style=3D"display:block;" lborder=3D"0"/></a>=
</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"pa=
dding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line=
-height-alt:150.0%;"> Hi, this is Ray. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" a=
lign=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-wo=
rd;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Let=E2=80=99s talk about som=
ething painful. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"=
padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-li=
ne-height-alt:150.0%;"> No, not my attempts at doing pull-ups after two yea=
rs of skipping the gym. I mean that particular kind of pain you feel when l=
earning something new, the mental version of doing push-ups while someone w=
hispers, =E2=80=9CYou could just give up.=E2=80=9D </p></td></tr><tr><td cl=
ass=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-br=
eak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> That ache, that =
friction, that voice saying =E2=80=9Cthis is too hard=E2=80=9D=E2=80=A6 tha=
t=E2=80=99s <b>effort</b>. And it turns out, that pain isn=E2=80=99t a bug =
in the learning process. It=E2=80=99s the process. </p></td></tr><tr><td cl=
ass=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-br=
eak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Most of us grew =
up thinking that if learning feels easy, we=E2=80=99re doing it right. We l=
ove when things click quickly, when our brains feel smooth and frictionless=
. But the science says otherwise. When your brain feels like mush, when it=
=E2=80=99s struggling to hold on, that=E2=80=99s when <b>real learning</b> =
is happening. </p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"why-struggle-feels-so-awful" clas=
s=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:n=
ormal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-we=
ight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;"><b>Why Struggle Feels So Awful</b>=
</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15p=
x;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:1=
50.0%;"> Here=E2=80=99s the problem: your brain is lazy. And I say that wit=
h love. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:=
0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-heigh=
t-alt:150.0%;"> Evolution designed it to save energy, not spend it. Every n=
euron that fires burns glucose, so your brain is constantly optimizing to d=
o less. The moment you hit a hard problem, like math equations, foreign lan=
guage grammar, or trying to assemble IKEA furniture without crying, your br=
ain screams =E2=80=9Cdanger!=E2=80=9D and tries to retreat to something eas=
ier, like checking Instagram. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"l=
eft" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p s=
tyle=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Neuroscientists have shown that when =
you wrestle with a difficult concept, your <b>anterior cingulate cortex</b>=
 (the brain=E2=80=99s conflict monitor) lights up like a Christmas tree. It=
=E2=80=99s literally detecting =E2=80=9Csomething=E2=80=99s wrong here=E2=
=80=9D and pushing you to fix it. The discomfort is a feature, not a flaw. =
It means your brain is upgrading. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"=
><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> As Dr. Robert Bjork, the UCLA ps=
ychologist who coined the term <b>=E2=80=9Cdesirable difficulties,=E2=80=9D=
</b> explains, =E2=80=9CConditions of learning that make performance improv=
e rapidly often fail to support long-term retention, whereas conditions tha=
t create difficulties and slow performance often produce more durable learn=
ing.=E2=80=9D You can read more about his research on <a class=3D"link" hre=
f=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.BrPy2RR0TiWXGw7WnAV0HaEMVEjeIl=
KmJMrot6evNBKiIp_WYjFQ5T_fY3dUSD7CVOmtBVtGDv4vtUjOA83wdJcID1AxDJ1JmpNkL0OWH=
L0L0fakONakms_KJq99kj8Lu4wUuxh4-SbSYjoA05bXClLkKIQ-2NPJlWsJ4oeCwnqgyT8Ii5Jp=
M4km8ruJA6IyopmgjkA52FRyyfjUolhewbFfAbGyM4knNGXex945_lyhxQKNH4yVyfTqrHz_y2A=
yiD7RODeXUzdHbWUlaB2meA/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h2/h001.NpSktHKMtfyt_YYy=
WtKay_qQVqlQ_SHFCzQRjHr0dvo" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer n=
ofollow"><span>desirable difficulties here</span></a>. </p></td></tr><tr><t=
d id=3D"the-paradox-of-productive-struggle" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" val=
ign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;text=
-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-height=
-alt:125.0%;"><b>The Paradox of Productive Struggle</b></h3></td></tr><tr><=
td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;wo=
rd-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> When you fe=
el stupid while learning, it=E2=80=99s usually because your brain is buildi=
ng new connections between neurons. That=E2=80=99s called <b>synaptic plast=
icity</b>. Think of it like your brain doing squats. The first few reps hur=
t. But that=E2=80=99s exactly how strength grows. </p></td></tr><tr><td cla=
ss=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-bre=
ak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> In one <a class=
=3D"link" href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.C9hF7aJZifjwYTj5T=
nwhOx9CkvRiJpZNi2dHOjs8v2SX-kOZHt4AVhSi7BE9p1mvOtVuC00JOB6yuzddA6Ffp64tGLCm=
SQ05Sti2E405iGPInHF7TX9IgDm7stzTlY6sDIiVbUSWEg8B4Ei6L3m7nZ2-gnTa_SV4mdxLvbw=
28Nd98KlxAPxtLL_s_ljY_D91Q2q69ATdEhqphESf0O8cj5o5z6N7sew21PicTHOG93W9F2Pu0x=
NIIV64iJrXSDa9Gk5K2C1-UMfSHOf7pHNc671K1xyx7MH27NQkK_V685MuajuwjHcgbXrifMX4O=
tmd4fNpIYMPzKy1iSVAB-b2zQ/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h3/h001.uyAZknDpoPQHCQ=
ocS2EynaS4lJp9_HhAnPleY6xIO0A" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer=
 nofollow"><span>Harvard study on cognitive effort</span></a>, researchers =
found that the more participants struggled on complex problems, the more ac=
tivity they showed in regions tied to memory and reasoning. Translation: st=
ruggling literally rewires your brain to handle more. </p></td></tr><tr><td=
 class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word=
-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> The mistake m=
ost learners make is mistaking <b>performance</b> for <b>progress</b>. Perf=
ormance is how well you=E2=80=99re doing right now. Progress is how well yo=
u=E2=80=99ll remember it tomorrow. When things feel easy, performance is hi=
gh but progress is low. When things feel hard, performance dips, but progre=
ss soars. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"paddin=
g:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-hei=
ght-alt:150.0%;"> It=E2=80=99s like running on a treadmill with the incline=
 turned up. It feels worse, but you=E2=80=99re actually going farther. </p>=
</td></tr><tr><td id=3D"from-our-partners-at-superhuman-ai" class=3D"dd" al=
ign=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;paddi=
ng:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h1 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal=
;mso-line-height-alt:175.0%;">From our partners at Superhuman AI:</h1></td>=
</tr><tr><td id=3D"find-out-why-1-m-professionals-read" class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:=
0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;ms=
o-line-height-alt:125.0%;">Go from AI overwhelmed to AI savvy professional<=
/h3></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding-bott=
om:20px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px;padding-top:20px; " class=3D"d=
d"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" st=
yle=3D"margin:0 auto 0 auto;"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=
=3D"width:630px;"><a href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.1r1iXx=
Qc1jxVroURkiV4-VzeBmKA42Gs1j92zVB1czDgjHEX-i_MzHujuoekN9_YPghdOtZ4KKZjmR0Aa=
fOhwjxn5nwiOy2cQqDQ_V3-PCtc4hFJ00jY5RxU64s-cbP1B2mOIJucuKZG6-c8fAjnP50VcR8l=
hp-cvVe6EX9M8C0jMYjx1TFKw-vfww8VFawCXCjNWgVBWytZZTc5Z5oq_8LhT6iaZARQx4nK3MH=
8tUO9P4HEEF2yDX8v3dt9GvSgAWi8g_wc74kgGjgStjCQXgKVbn9AvQXuWu3J9i_G9eBoTlEudp=
7HqHruiCDXJau6Vg8CWQU3AJsvzXtYHTbYODGovpi7_aaozPL5ToGu49g1fUjfXHtRl5vTx7mOw=
6g6c2--6sjoe82y_yWoZfJxeFZTM6TB3voyFVZWjyfPoJbv0fBfOTJ5rRmXd-x6lFXTM7MhMlPI=
DdQwwm-L0BE-7bON7MGPlT_YEyHg9Mwz-EFqwFywjMNWFqJOjd-CzqO_9K5YdLdxqBFAVYd6vDK=
HWnrtS6ZB3H0LSjsQyM7h5GeeULE5vISt8-2rXgA_xRFSOCKWcZyPpsccED3boJwgkFE6_yjp-g=
NMu79GuNIu6UKqPHurrD2jCQpp5R9m64YP/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h4/h001.i8oYC=
aH2_nkpXa19prkN1t7nWunr2YP3qon8kH4vyKc" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow=
" style=3D"text-decoration:none;" target=3D"_blank"><img src=3D"https://med=
ia.beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-down,format=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredir=
ect,quality=3D80/uploads/asset/file/f495a923-d52e-42f5-8268-b3724050504d/Fo=
r_AI_curious_professionals_-_V4.jpg?t=3D1756241879" alt=3D"" height=3D"auto=
" width=3D"630" style=3D"display:block;width:100%;border-radius:0px 0px 0px=
 0px;border-style:solid;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing:border-box;=
border-color:#E5E7EB;" border=3D"0"/></a></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><t=
d class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;wor=
d-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> AI keeps com=
ing up at work, but you still don&#39;t get it? </p></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break=
:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> That&#39;s exactly =
why 1M+ professionals working at Google, Meta, and OpenAI read <a class=3D"=
link" href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.1r1iXxQc1jxVroURkiV4-=
VzeBmKA42Gs1j92zVB1czDgjHEX-i_MzHujuoekN9_YPghdOtZ4KKZjmR0AafOhwjxn5nwiOy2c=
QqDQ_V3-PCtc4hFJ00jY5RxU64s-cbP1B2mOIJucuKZG6-c8fAjnP50VcR8lhp-cvVe6EX9M8C0=
jMYjx1TFKw-vfww8VFawCXCjNWgVBWytZZTc5Z5oq_8LhT6iaZARQx4nK3MH8tUO9P4HEEF2yDX=
8v3dt9GvSgAWi8g_wc74kgGjgStjCQXgKVbn9AvQXuWu3J9i_G9eBoTlEudp7HqHruiCDXJau6V=
g8CWQU3AJsvzXtYHTbYODGovpi7_aaozPL5ToGu49g1fUjfXHtRl5vTx7mOw6g6c2--6sjoe82y=
_yWoZfJxeFZTM6TB3voyFVZWjyfPoJbv0fBfOTJ5rRmXd-x6lFXTM7MhMlPIDdQwwm-L0BE-7bO=
N7MGPlT_YEyHg9Mwz-EFqwFywjMNWFqJOjd-CzqO_9K5YdLdxqBFAVYd6vDKHWnrtS6ZB3H0LSj=
sQyM7h5GeeULE5vISt8-2rXgA_xRFSK7PIlJ1o3yG627yuftmftsfR0j7P9XeWWT83k6DIsONUM=
FU7jSyjoyCdtg-gPpYy/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h5/h001.KDIq4FstoePglGc51tC4=
q9bxlAC5tZKAsteMrDkH1mw" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofol=
low"><span>Superhuman AI</span></a> daily. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"d=
d" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:brea=
k-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Here&#39;s what you get:=
 </p></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:37px;paddi=
ng-right:27px;padding-top:12px;" class=3D"ee"><div style=3D"margin-left:0px=
;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><ul style=3D"font-weight:normal;list-style-typ=
e:disc;margin-bottom:12px !important;margin-top:12px !important;padding:0px=
 0px 0px 0px;"><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-al=
t:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"> Daily AI news=
 that matters for your career - Filtered from 1000s of sources so you know =
what affects your industry. </p></li><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=
=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break=
-word;"> Step-by-step tutorials you can use immediately - Real prompts and =
workflows that solve actual business problems. </p></li><li class=3D"listIt=
em ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:le=
ft;word-break:break-word;"> New AI tools tested and reviewed - We try every=
thing to deliver tools that drive real results. </p></li><li class=3D"listI=
tem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:l=
eft;word-break:break-word;"> All in just 3 minutes a day </p></li></ul></di=
v></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;t=
ext-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.=
0%;"><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.1r1i=
XxQc1jxVroURkiV4-VzeBmKA42Gs1j92zVB1czDgjHEX-i_MzHujuoekN9_YPghdOtZ4KKZjmR0=
AafOhwjxn5nwiOy2cQqDQ_V3-PCtc4hFJ00jY5RxU64s-cbP1B2mOIJucuKZG6-c8fAjnP50VcR=
8lhp-cvVe6EX9M8C0jMYjx1TFKw-vfww8VFawCXCjNWgVBWytZZTc5Z5oq_8LhT6iaZARQx4nK3=
MH8tUO9P4HEEF2yDX8v3dt9GvSgAWi8g_wc74kgGjgStjCQXgKVbn9AvQXuWu3J9i_G9eBoTlEu=
dp7HqHruiCDXJau6Vg8CWQU3AJsvzXtYHTbYODGovpi7_aaozPL5ToGu49g1fUjfXHtRl5vTx7m=
Ow6g6c2--6sjoe82y_yWoZfJxeFZTM6TB3voyFVZWjyfPoJbv0fBfOTJ5rRmXd-x6lFXTM7MhMl=
PIDdQwwm-L0BE-7bON7MGPlT_YEyHg9Mwz-EFqwFywjMNWFqJOjd-CzqO_9K5YdLdxqBFAVYd6v=
DKHWnrtS6ZB3H0LSjsQyM7h5GeeULE5vISt8-2rXgA_xRFSQQdIXXfk47nPWtoE8M2KrFVD0XgR=
H0sZa10b2BQKRvEFI2DyI5C4g_36V-_2EtHA/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h6/h001.30a=
iJN4LqHIncxqroGVmI3jTMh3VuJrPog13rinDHXM" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener=
 noreferrer nofollow"><span>Join 1M+ pros</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td a=
lign=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;paddi=
ng:30px 0px 30px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"5=
0%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><=
td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"your-brains-two-modes-=
of-learning" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2=
A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"colo=
r:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;"><b>Your Brain=E2=
=80=99s Two Modes of Learning</b></h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"=
><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Neuroscientist Barbara Oakley, i=
n her excellent book <i>A Mind for Numbers</i>, describes two main learning=
 modes: <b>focused</b> and <b>diffuse</b>. </p></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"p=
adding-bottom:12px;padding-left:37px;padding-right:27px;padding-top:12px;" =
class=3D"ee"><div style=3D"margin-left:0px;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><ul =
style=3D"font-weight:normal;list-style-type:disc;margin-bottom:12px !import=
ant;margin-top:12px !important;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;"><li class=3D"listI=
tem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:l=
eft;word-break:break-word;"> The <b>focused mode</b> is what you use when y=
ou=E2=80=99re consciously concentrating, like solving an equation or readin=
g a paragraph for the third time because you zoned out the first two. </p><=
/li><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;pa=
dding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"> The <b>diffuse mode</b> =
kicks in when you relax or take breaks, like when ideas pop into your head =
in the shower or while you=E2=80=99re walking the dog. </p></li></ul></div>=
</td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;tex=
t-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%=
;"> Switching between these modes is essential. When you struggle in focuse=
d mode, you=E2=80=99re pushing your neural circuits to their limit. Then, w=
hen you rest, your brain=E2=80=99s diffuse mode steps in to connect the dot=
s subconsciously. That=E2=80=99s why you often understand something only <i=
>after</i> you step away. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left"=
 style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=
=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> It=E2=80=99s not failure. It=E2=80=99s th=
e <b>cooldown</b> part of your mental workout. </p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"=
the-desirable-difficulty-playbook" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"to=
p" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:le=
ft;"><h3 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:125.=
0%;"><b>The =E2=80=9CDesirable Difficulty=E2=80=9D Playbook</b></h3></td></=
tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align=
:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> So =
how do you actually use this science without losing your mind halfway throu=
gh your next study session? Here are a few research-backed ways to make the=
 pain productive: </p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"1-embrace-the-struggle" class=
=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:no=
rmal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h4 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-wei=
ght:normal;mso-line-height-alt:112.5%;"><b>1. Embrace the Struggle</b></h4>=
</td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;tex=
t-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%=
;"> When you hit a wall, don=E2=80=99t quit. A <a class=3D"link" href=3D"ht=
tps://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.C9hF7aJZifjwYTj5TnwhO0zMoL59eSMBBkpfZ=
wK8KuK6BxloNmhDmPS-vqtvLOcHD7ngleSOHwiHJod6AZYTlrQu3B5cDCmjCQs60AGCZ5y88ZmM=
nUlsncl5HnCL4qLeeBESIEkWerROtHqNgxGsWdeUnXS5Ua6tl_wZ4h04ur0vN5DhL1ZnI7rnf_t=
o6jlMWq3iU50qfRl75cEgBX2BxBXAHcVX28EP8OC6F-XIiQavYzBpjo3e0D3fePmwJ780mTqsdG=
04U7j2Cxv_nV4j-hNxjEqQUOMZRpdb36iCfg4/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h7/h001.Ij=
H6TKmyTg8n3fgRgbNLQmRlk6qsD8-hOaPgq6xHRSU" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopene=
r noreferrer nofollow"><span>Stanford study on mindset</span></a> found tha=
t students who viewed struggle as a natural part of learning performed bett=
er and persisted longer than those who saw it as failure. Every time you fe=
el confused, your brain is literally stretching. </p></td></tr><tr><td id=
=3D"2-mix-up-your-practice" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" styl=
e=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h=
4 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:112.5%;"><b=
>2. Mix Up Your Practice</b></h4></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"le=
ft" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p st=
yle=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Instead of drilling the same skill ove=
r and over, alternate between different types of problems or subjects. This=
 is called <b>interleaving</b>, and it boosts retention because it forces y=
our brain to constantly retrieve and reframe knowledge. It=E2=80=99s like s=
parring instead of shadowboxing, messy but more effective. </p></td></tr><t=
r><td id=3D"3-test-yourself-early-and-often" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" va=
lign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;tex=
t-align:left;"><h4 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-heigh=
t-alt:112.5%;"><b>3. Test Yourself Early and Often</b></h4></td></tr><tr><t=
d class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;wor=
d-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Quizzing you=
rself before you feel ready strengthens recall far more than passive review=
. Researchers at <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss=
/c/u001.XYGPkJlxZ4uLOjEH5134440gwEkBgQG9FU6tIBs3N-FYs2E-l0x6wI6Y4lM1pPkMKuY=
3PX5eUtlCnRnIHca-rkvZeSk9IsRdJzVL7jwiJhQkEzrTS5YS_SxTVCJ9Zf7-2hLypyhCAY4qRn=
c5fJUQOyfcKt_ajcbHGZb6aqTsJQNWHgb-H7xMguhRQKkUd0VBfNYN-1cifbfYRPx8pNblv0ZqN=
06pSesrQiFvqqzMop5nyXaZfcyUOIYDm7NoVs_tICBZ2YOlMR4LVwHGVxyJLAf_wtUDLew_Idx7=
ghQyQHmJoW3kEdkH4ro-cpVtIbJG/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h8/h001.7tVGl9jsouu=
xOQ0pCaYHw042MV0iXkV0R6bN8vhyfQI" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener norefer=
rer nofollow"><span>Purdue University</span></a> found that retrieval pract=
ice (testing) can improve long-term retention by up to 50%. You don=E2=80=
=99t need fancy flashcards. A simple =E2=80=9CWhat did I just learn?=E2=80=
=9D out loud works wonders. </p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"4-stop-chasing-flow=
-too-soon" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2=
A;font-weight:normal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h4 style=3D"color:=
#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:112.5%;"><b>4. Stop Chasing =
Flow Too Soon</b></h4></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=
=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"ms=
o-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> =E2=80=9CFlow=E2=80=9D feels amazing, that stat=
e where everything clicks and time disappears, but it only comes <i>after</=
i> you=E2=80=99ve wrestled with the hard stuff. You can=E2=80=99t skip the =
messy part and expect to hit flow instantly. The struggle is the warm-up. F=
low is the reward. </p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"5-rest-like-you-mean-it" cla=
ss=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:=
normal;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h4 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-w=
eight:normal;mso-line-height-alt:112.5%;"><b>5. Rest Like You Mean It</b></=
h4></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;=
text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150=
.0%;"> When you=E2=80=99re mentally drained, stop. Studies on <a class=3D"l=
ink" href=3D"https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.XYGPkJlxZ4uLOjEH513445=
AJCYoYnUvx_6Uu9FVXzgsnXhs62h_o7R4g9b2UN5BUKdyhIRdhexaymnGRuupt2G63f69g2efMd=
InYwLQUK2bWrEaTwRe5t2QxDmw2bd9_LORoQ26el21AJfAlBBjfVYyG4HN43-Tw5jBPrV5pbxU3=
PiPAVgPvHnd8kfwmOcY2N0ZzW9L0FpI2nlyQw41EHzLLizup-2Ma-aR1AzTS5yrfbunbi84-aWb=
4RYwxMNN79fsMqIOfelauSEXgGyZoQ8ji8VDZvgWkYTKp_pJHdgYeemYZaZSSsFRf8zX3l-aa/4=
kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h9/h001.5y70oZIwUY9v9YThJldS8W0F9R5ikFKapibdREsg0=
Nk" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>mental fat=
igue and performance</span></a> show that recovery is when your brain conso=
lidates effort into growth. Sleep, walk, stretch, or just stare into space =
for a bit. It=E2=80=99s not wasted time, it=E2=80=99s part of learning. </p=
></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"pain-is-the-signal-of-growth" class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;padding:=
0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#2A2A2A;font-weight:normal;ms=
o-line-height-alt:125.0%;"><b>Pain Is the Signal of Growth</b></h3></td></t=
r><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:=
left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> I us=
ed to think I was bad at math because it felt hard. Then I realized it was =
hard because I was learning. The effort I once took as proof of weakness wa=
s actually proof of work. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left"=
 style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=
=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> If it feels uncomfortable, you=E2=80=99re=
 probably doing it right. The same goes for language, piano, leadership, or=
 public speaking. The burn is your neurons building a new future version of=
 you. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0p=
x 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-=
alt:150.0%;"> Learning is a bit like lifting weights in the dark. You don=
=E2=80=99t see the progress immediately. But every time you push through th=
e discomfort, your brain gets stronger, rep by rep. </p></td></tr><tr><td c=
lass=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-b=
reak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> So next time yo=
ur head hurts while studying, take a deep breath and remind yourself: =E2=
=80=9CGood. That means I=E2=80=99m growing.=E2=80=9D </p></td></tr><tr><td =
class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-=
break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><b>Stay curious=
,</b></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px=
 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-a=
lt:150.0%;"><b>Ray</b></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr=
><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" bo=
rder=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td><tr=
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t-radius:24px;"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacin=
g=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td height=3D"10" style=3D"l=
ine-height:1px;font-size:1px;height:10px;"> &nbsp; </td></tr><tr><td class=
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<a href=3D'https://link.mail.beehiiv.com/ss/c/u001.fU8NCIR0eEou4bLjq0tSC8Z8=
3KsvoMfbwl6pXKWj8g1p5PnVSl1aZsME_SlvjhpJvuZGyH0ddazvm4EvnviB16tmeycMgPZLWka=
9au--rOU/4kw/3p9Fx6jSS7CbLM7gAIEYOQ/h11/h001.QaUIifxTEOy-MNzgZFu7t48QmoYhkn=
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ze: 1px; text-decoration: none;"> Terms of Service </a></td></tr></table></=
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